Buprenorphine is a semi-synthetic opioid derived from thebaine. It is used for analgesic effect and opioid substitution therapy. In Turkey, buprenorphine and naloxone combination (Suboxone®) has been used in opioid substitution therapy since 2010. In this paper respiratory depression arising after buprenorphine use together with benzodiazepine will be told and possible mechanisms of this interaction will be discussed.

Naltrexone subcutaneous implants are among the new alternatives in the treatment of alcohol and opioid addictions in our country.Nausea, vomitting, headache, skin rash, depression, anxiety and loss of energy are side effects reported in the use of naltrexone. This paper discusses a case of itching and skin eruptions following the application of naltrexone subcutaneous implant.

Aim: It is aimed to determine the association between the indications of acute agitation call, applied treatment, applied restraint and seclusion with the
sociodemographical and clinical characteristics of psychopathology.
Method: Among inpatients in a private psychiatry hospital, medical records of whom has a form filled for acute agitation between June 2013-April 2014 examined
retrospectively, 137 medical records enrolled. Acute intervation form and brief psychiatric rating scale points that had been filled in the same day were determined.
Results: In the duration of the study acute agitation call applied for 16.4% of inpatients, 1.9% were restrained, 8% were secluded and 9.4% were given acute medication.
While the applied physical restraint and seclusion rates did not differ during the day, drug applications were found in higher rates during daytime hours (p<0.05). According to the hours of application, the duration of physical restraints were constant throughout the day while the duration of seclusions were longer in the night hours (p<0.05). The most common causes of acute agitation were aggression, threat of violence and treatment rejection. There was no difference approaches to acute agitation in terms of the diagnosis. The majority of selected drug treatments for acute agitation were intramuscular injections. No association was found between scale scores and the duration of any application.
Conclusion: Lower rates of restraints in our study could be associated with that the sample of this study was chosen from a private psychiatry hospital. There is need
for further training among treatment team and studies in this area to shed light on the development of approaches.

Introduction: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic
psychiatric disorder characterizes by harmful drinking
patterns leading to negative emotional, physical, and
social outcomes. Twin, family, and adoption studies
have consistently demonstrated that genetic factors
play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AUD. Various
studies have aimed to identify genes that contribute
to susceptibility to AUD. In this paper, we provide
an review of genetic studies on AUD, including twin
studies, linkage studies, candidate gene studies, and
genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Growing
evidence indicates that AUD is a complex genetic
disease, with variations in a substantial number of gene
affecting a person’s risk of AUD. Some of these genes
have been identified, including two genes involved in the
metabolism of ethanol (ADH1B and ALDH2) that have
the strongest known affects on the risk of AUD. Studies
continue to find out other genes in which variants affect
the risk of AUD or related traits, including GABRA2,
DRD2, OPRM1, MAOA and PECR. As more variants
are analysed and studies are integrated for meta-analysis
to obtain increased sample sizes, an enhanced picture of
the many genes and pathways that affect the risk of AUD
will be possible.